DETERMINANT OF MORTALITY IN COVID-19 PATIENTS: A SCOPING REVIEW

Abstract

The COVID-19 is still unfolding in almost all parts in the world with no certain predictions how long this pandemic will endure. As of June 18, 2021, the total confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the world were 177,108,695 cases with 3,840,223 deaths (CFR 2.2%) in 222 Infected Countries and 149 Community Transmission Countries. The high mortality rate for COVID-19 is caused by several risk factors. In general, the entire population is vulnerable to COVID-19 but epidemiological research shows that the elderly and people with comorbid are more susceptible to COVID-19, and has a high risk of experiencing poor outcomes and death if infected with COVID-19. In addition, COVID-19 patients with severe manifestations show laboratory abnormalities.  This study aims to identify the determinant factors associated with mortality in COVID 19 patients. The method used is scoping review with PRISMA-ScR based on PCC (Population, Concept, and Context) by searching relevant articles through ScienceDirect, Google Scholar, PubMed, and JAMA Network. Inclusion criteria are all original research according to topic that are full text and open access. Articles that appear on GoogleScholar are selected only the first 10 pages. Exclusion criteria is COVID-19 study that available in full-text but for a fee. There are 27 articles analyzed in this study. Individual characteristics associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients are older age and male. Comorbidities associated with mortality in COVID-19 patients are hypertension and diabetes. Meanwhile, the laboratory parameters related to mortality in COVID-19 patients are c-reactive protein and lymphocyte count. It can be concluded that it is necessary to observe age, gender, comorbidity, and laboratory parameters as predictors of death. It may help to identify patients at higher risk for early clinical decisions regarding the preventive measures directed at such patients.